Abubuwan da suka shafi mata muminai

 HUKUNCE HUKUNCEN DA SUKA KEƁANCHI MATA MUMINAI*


_Wallafar  Sheikh Salih Al-Fauzan_


_FITOWA TA TALATIN DA SHIDA_

Malam Ya cigaba da bayani ƙarkashin Hukunce- Hukuncen da
suka shafi Rayuwar AURE da kawo qarshenta.

NEMAN RA’AYIN MACE KAFIN A AURAR DA ITA:

Mace yayin da aka tashi aurar da ita tana da ɗayan halaye
uku: imma dai Yarinya ce ƙarama, ko kuma Budurwa wacce
ta Balaga, ko kuma Bazawara ko wacce tana da nata
hukuncin:

1● *YARINYA ƘARAMA* babu saɓani cewa ubanta zai iya aurar
da ita bada izininta ba, domin bata kai girman da zata bada
izini ba, kuma “Abubkar (RA) Ya aurar da ‘Yarsa Aisha
(RA) ga Manzon ALLAH (Sallallahu Alaihi wasallam) tana
‘Yar shekara shida aka kuma kaita ɗaki tana ‘Yar shekara
Tara.”

→ Imam Al-Shaukani (Rahimahullah) Yace: ” Acikin
wannan hadisi akwai dalilin cewa ya halatta ga mahaifi ya
aurar da ƴarsa kafin ta balaga. Kuma akwai dalilin cewa ya
halatta a aurar da ƙaramar yarinya ga Wanda yake babba. Imam
Bukhari ma ya sanya wannan mas’ala taken wani Babi acikin
littafinsa, sannan ya kawo wannan hadisin na Aisha (RA).
kuma Ibnu Hajar ya ruwaito cewa anyi ijma’i akan
wannan.”

[Nailul Aud’ar 6/128-129]

→ Ibnu Qudamah (Rahimahullah) Yace: “Ibnul Munzir Yana
cewa: Duk wanda muke iya tunawa dasu daga ma’abota
ilimi sunyi ijma’i akan cewa ya halatta uba ya aurar da
Ƴarsa ƙarama, idan dai ya aurar da ita ne ga Wanda ya
dace da ida.

Acikin Aurarwar da Abubakar yayiwa Aisha (RA) ga Annabi
(Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam), alhali tana ƴar shekara shida,
akwai Raddi ƙwaƙƙwara ga waɗanda suke inkarin aurar da

Ƙaramar yarinya ga babba kuma suke aibanta shi, har suna
ganinsa wanin abun ƙi, wannan kuwa ko dai saboda jahilcinsu
ne, ko kuma saboda suna nufin kawo sharri ne.”

[Al-mugni 6/487]

2● *BUDURWA* kuwa wadda ta Balaga, ita bai halatta a
aurar da ita ba sai da izininta, saboda faɗin Manzon ALLAH
(Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam):

“Ba a aurar da Budurwa sai an nemi izininta, sai suka ce:
Ya Rasulullahi Yaya izininta yake ? Sai yace shine tayi
shiru.”

[Bukhari da Muslim]

Dole ne ta bada izini ko da Wanda zai aurar da ita mahaifinta
ne, bisa ingantacciyar magana ta malamai.

→ Babban Malamin nan Ibnul Qayyim Aljauzy (Rahimahullah)
Yace: “Wannan ita ce maganar mafi yawan Malamai
magabata, kuma itace Mazhabar Abu-hanifa da Ahmad a
ɗaya daga cikin ruwayoyin da aka karɓo daga gare shi.
Wannan ita ce maganar da muka sanya ta a addininmu
tsakaninmu da ALLAH, kuma bama i’itiƙadin wata magana ba
ita ba, kuma ita ce ta dace da fad’in Manzon ALLAH
(Sallallal Alaihi Wasallam) da umurninsa da haninsa.”

[Zaadul Ma’ad 5/96]

3● *BAZAWARA* kuwa ba a aurar da ita sai da izininta,
kuma izininta shine ta faɗa da bakinta, saɓanin budurwa da
aka sanya shirunta ya zama izininta.

→ Ibnu Qudamah (Rahimahullah) Yace: “Bamu san wani
saɓani ba a tsakanin malamai cewa izinin Bazawara shine
magana da bakinta, saboda hadisin da yazo, kuma saboda
harshe shine mai faɗan abunda ke cikin zuciya, kuma dashi
ake lura ako ina akace a nemi izini.”

[ Al-Mugni 6/493]

→ Sheikhul Islam Ibnu Taimiyyah (Rahimahullah) Yace:
“Mace bai kamata wani ya aurar da ita ba tare da izininta
ba, kamar Yadda Annabi (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) Yayi
umurni, idan taƙi to baza a tilasta ta tayi aure ba, sai dai
Yarinya ƙarama (da bata kai munzalin balaga ba) ita ubanta
yana da damar ya aurar da ita, domin babu izini agare.
Amma Bazawara wadda ta balaga bai halatta a aurar da ita ba
tare da izininta ba bai halatta ba ga uba ko ga waninsa.
Wannan kuma ijma’in musulmai ne, Hakanan Budurwa data
balaga bai halatta ga wani in ba uba ko kaka ba ya aurar da
ita ba tare da izininta ba, shima wannan ijma’in musulmai
ne, Amma uba da kaka su ya kamata su nemi izininta, kuma
malamai sunyi saɓanin akan shin neman izinin nata gare su

wajibi ne ko mustahabbi ???

Ingantacciyar magana ita ce cew wajibi ne. Kuma wajibi ne
ga waliyyin mace yaji tsoron ALLAH wajen wanda zai aurar
da ita gare shi. Kuma lallai ya duba mijin shin ya dace da
matsayinta ko bai dace ba, domin an sashi ne ya aurar da ita
don maslaharta badon maslahar kansa ba.”

[Majmu’ul Fatawa 32/39-40]

Mu haɗu a fitowa ta 37 insha'ALLAH

Fassarar :- Dr.Bashir Aliyu

Gabatarwa:- Faridah Bintus Salis (Bintus~sunnah)

Daga
*MIFTAHUL Ilmi*