AYERO UNIVERSITY KANO (BUK) SCHOOL FEES PAYMENT PROCEDURE 2019/2020
Please note that no payment is refundable so students are strongly advised to adhere to the following payment procedure guidelines, as any deviation may result in delay or outright invalidation of your payment. Invalid payment results in invalid registration, which means expulsion.
STEP 1
Make sure you have;
a) Successfully authenticated your studentship
b) Login to your account
c) Update your profile
d) Generate/print your BUK Personalized Payment Form (BUKPPF). Registration fees are reflected on student’s BUKPPF, to be paid using Remita e-Payments and e-Collection platform.
e) Make sure you carefully read, understand and follow the payment procedure, as BUK will not be liable for any lost of funds as a result of incorrect data entry. \
f) Students must make sure that they entered ALL the information of the BUKPPF EXACTLY . Students must also ensure that the following are captured exactly as they are written on their BUKPPF
1. Name of MDA
2. Name of Service/Purpose
3. Description
4. Amount to Pay (₦)
5. Registration No.
6. BUKPPF ID
. Payer’s Full Name
8. Payer’s Email
9. Payer’s Phone
Read Also: List of Accredited Courses Offered In Edwin Clark University
Note that Payer (Payer’s Full Name, Payer’s Email, Payer’s Phone) means the student, so even if the student is not the one making the payment (payment by proxy) make sure to use the student information. Any misinformation may lead to unnecessary delay in validating and processing of payment.
Payments are usually validated and processed within 24/48 hours of making payment.
STEP 2
With the information of Step 1(a) – 1(i) visit
www.remita.net , you will be presented with the following:
STEP 3
Select “Pay A Federal Government Agency “:
STEP 4
You will be presented with the following form:
STEP 5
On the “Name of MDA” start typing Baye and a drop down will be shown, make sure you
BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO – 1000129 as indicated in the figure below:
STEP 6
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STEP 7
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UG REGISTRATION as indicate the following figures:
STEP 8
After selecting UG REGISTRATION as the Name of Service/Purpose, next enter the Description. Make sure the Description matches exactly with the Description on your BUKPPF (Item 1(c) of Step 1 above):
STEP 9
After entering the Description exactly as in your BUKPPF, next enter the Amout to Pay (₦) . Make sure the Amount to Pay matches exactly with the Amount on your BUKPPF (Item 1(d) of Step 1 above):
STEP 10
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STEP 11
fter entering the Registration No. exactly as in your BUKPPF, next enter your BUKPPF ID . Make sure the BUKPPF ID matches exactly with the BUKPPF ID on your BUKPPF (Item 1(f) of Step 1 above):
STEP 12
After entering the BUKPPF ID exactly as in your BUKPPF, next enter the Payer’s Full Name. Make sure the Payer’s Full Name matches exactly with the Payer’s Full Name on your BUKPPF (Item 1(g) of Step 1 above):
STEP 13
After entering the Payer’s Full Name exactly as in your BUKPPF, next enter the Payer’s Email . Make sure the Payer’s Email matches exactly with the Payer’s Email on your BUKPPF (Item 1(h) of Step 1 above):
STEP 14
After entering the Payer’s Email exactly as in your BUKPPF, next enter the Payer’s Phone . Make sure the Payer’s Phone matches exactly with the Payer’s Phone on your BUKPPF (Item 1(i) of Step 1 above):
TEP 15
Enter the characters of the image before proceeding to payment.
STEP 16
Make sure all the information entered matches exactly with what is in your BUKPPF,
any inconsistency may delay or invalidate your registration . After confirming all entries are correct click on Proceed to Payment Button
STEP 17
Your Remita Retrieval Reference (RRR) is generated and the following invoice is displayed.
STEP 18
You can click on “View Payment Details” to see your payments details.
STEP 19
You can use any of the payment options as indicated below ( make sure to use your RRR correctly ):
STEP 20
You can click on “Print Invoice” to print your invoice.
STEP 21
ou are advised to print your Remita Invoice and compare the information with that of your BUKPPF and make sure that information on both are the same.
Tuesday, February 12, 2019
BIOLOGY SYLLABUS TABLE OF CONTENT
BIOLOGY SYLLABUS
Table of content
nbsp; A: VARIETY OF ORGANISMS
1. Living organisms:
2. Evolution among the following:
3.a Structural/functional and behavioural adaptations of organisms.
B: FORM AND FUNCTIONS
1. Internal structure of a flowering plant
2. Nutrition
3. Transport
4. Respiration
7. Reproduction
8. Growth
9. Co-ordination and control
C: ECOLOGY
1. Factors affecting the distribution of Organisms
2. Symbiotic interactions of plants and animals
3. Natural Habitats
4. Local (Nigerian Biomes)
5. The Ecology of Populations:
6. SOIL
7. Humans and Environment
D: HEREDITY AND VARIATIONS
(I) Variation In Population
2. Heredity
E: EVOLUTION
1. Theories of evolution
2. Evidence of evolution
A: VARIETY OF ORGANISMS
1. Living organisms:
a. Characteristics
b. Cell structure and functions of cell Components
c. Level of organization
i. Cell e.g. euglena and paramecium,
ii. Tissue, e.g. epithelial tissues and hydra
iii. Organ, e.g. onion bulb
iv. Systems, e.g. reproductive, digestive and excretory
v. Organisms e.g. Chlamydomonas
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between the characteristics of living and non-living things.
ii. identify the structures of plants and animal cells.
iii. analyse the functions of the components of plants and animal cells.
iv. compare and contrast the structure of plant and animal cells.
v. trace the levels of organization among organisms in their logical sequence in relation to the five level of organization of living organisms.
2. Evolution among the following:
a. Monera (prokaryotes), e.g. bacteria and blue green algae.
b. Protista (protozoans and protophyta),
e.g. Amoeba, Euglena and Paramecium
c. Fungi, e.g. mushroom and Rhizopus.
d. Plantae (plants)
i. Thallophyta (e.g. Spirogyra)
ii. Bryophyta (mosses and liveworts) e.g.
rachmenium and Merchantia.
iii. Pteridophyta (ferns) e.g. Dryopteris.
iv. Spermatophyta (Gymnospermae and Angiospermae)
– Gymnosperms e.g. Cycads and conifers.
– Angiosperms (monocots, e.g. maize; dicots, e.g. water leaf)
e. Animalia (animals)
i. Invertebrates
– coelenterate (e.g. Hydra)
– Platyhelminthes (flatworms) e.g. Taenia
– Nematoda (roundworms)
– Annelida (e.g. earthworm)
– Arthropoda e.g. mosquito, cockroach, housefly, bee, butterfly
– Mollusca (e.g. snails)
ii. Multicellular animals (vertebrates)
– pisces (cartilaginous and bony fish)
– Amphibia (e.g. toads and frogs)
– Reptilia (e.g. lizards, snakes and turtles)
– Aves (birds)
– Mammalia (mammals)
Candidates should be able to:
i. analyse external features and characteristics of the listed organisms:
ii. apply the knowledge from (i) above to demonstrate increase in structural complexity .
iii. trace the stages in the life histories of the listed organisms.
iv. apply the knowledge of the life histories to demonstrate gradual transition from life in water to life on land.
v. trace the evolution of the listed plants.Candidates should be able to:
i. trace the advancement of the invertebrate animals.
ii. determine the economic importance of the
insects studied.
iii. asses their values to the environment.
i. trace the advancement of multi-cellular animals.
ii. determine their economic importance.
3.a Structural/functional and behavioural adaptations of organisms.
b. adaptive colouration and its functions
c. Behavioural adaptations in social animals
d. Structural adaptations in organisms.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe how the various structures, functions and behaviour adapt these organisms to their environment, and way of life
Candidates should be able to:
i. Categorize countershading in fish, toads and snakes and warning colouration in mushrooms.
Candidates should be able to:
i. Differentiate various castes in social insects like termites and thei functions in their colony hive.
ii. Account for basking in lizards, territorial behavour of other animals under unfavourable conditions (hibernation and aestivation).
Candidates should be able to account for adaptation in organisms with respect to the following:
i. Obtaining food (beaks and legs of birds, mouthparts of insects especially mosquito, butterfly and moth.)
ii. Protection and defence (stick insects, praying mantis and toad).
iii. Securing mates (redhead male and female Agama lizards, display of fathers by birds).
iv. Regulating body temperature (skin, feathers and hairs)
v. Conserving water (spines in plants and scales in mammals).
B: FORM AND FUNCTIONS
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES OBJECTIVES
1. Internal structure of a flowering plant
i. Root
ii. Stem
iii. Leaf
b. Internal structure of a mammal
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the transverse sections of these
organs.
a. relate the structure of these organs to their
functions.
b. Identify supporting tissues in plants (collenchyma) sclerenchyma, xylem and phloem fibres)
c. Describe the distribution of supporting tissues in roots, stem and leaf
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the arrangement of the mammalian internal organs.
ii. describe the appearance and position of the digestive, reproductive and excretory organs.
2. Nutrition
a. Modes of nutrition
i. Autotrophic
ii. Heterotrophic
b. Types of Nutrition
c. Plant nutrition
i. Photosynthesis
ii. Mineral requirements
(macro and micro-nutrients)
d. Animal nutrition
i. Classes of food substances; carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils, vitamins, mineral salts and water
ii. Food tests (e.g. starch, reducing sugar, protein, oil, fat etc.
iii. The mammalian tooth (structures, types and functions
iv. Mammalian alimentary canal
v. Nutrition process (ingestion, digestion, absorption,
and assimilation of digested food.
Candidates should be able to:
i. compare the photosynthetic and chemosynthetic modes of nutrition;
ii. provide examples from both flowering and non- flowering plants
ii. compare autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition.
Candidates should be able to:
differentiate the following examples:
– holozoic (sheep and man)
– Parasitic (roundworm, tapeworm and Loranthus)
– saprophytic (Rhizopus and mushroom)
– carnivorous plants (sundew and bladderwort)
– determine their nutritional value.
Candidates should be able to:
i. Differentiate the light and dark reactions, and state conditions necessary for photosynthesis.
ii. determine the necessity of light, carbon (IV) oxide and
chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
iii. detect the presence of starch in a leaf as an evidence of photosynthesis.
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify macro-and micro-elements required by plants.
ii. recognise the deficiency symptoms of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium.
3. Transport
a. Need for transportation
b. Materials for transportation.
Excretory products, gases, manufactured food, digested food, nutrient, water and hormones)
c. Channels for transportation
i. Mammalian circulatory system (heart, arteries,
veins, and capillaries)
ii Plant vascular system (phloem and xylem)
d. Media and processes of mechanism for transportation.
Candidates should be able to:
i. indicate the sources of the various classes of food;
ii. relate the importance and deficiency e.g. scurvy, rickets, kwashiorkor etc. of each class;
iii. determine the importance of a balanced diet.
Candidates should be able to detect the presence of the listed food items from the result of a given experiment.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the structure of a typical mammalian tooth;
ii. differentiate the types of mammalian tooth and relate their structures to their functions.
iii. compare the dental formulae of man, sheep, and dog.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the structure of the various components of the alimentary canal and its accessory organs (liver, pancreas, and gall bladder) to their functions.
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the general characteristics of digestive enzymes;
ii. associate enzymes with digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats;
iii. determine the end products of these classes of food.
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine the relationship between increase in size and complexity and the need for the development of a transport system in plants and animals.
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine the sources of materials and the forms in which they are transported.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the general circulatory system;
ii. compare specific functions of the hepatic portal vein, the pulmonary vein and artery, aorta, the renal artery and vein
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the organs of the plant vascular system.
ii. understand the specific functions of the phloem and xylem.
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify media of transportation (e.g. cytoplasm,
cell sap, body fluid, blood and lymph);
ii. know the composition and functions of blood and lymph;
iii. describe diffusion, osmosis, plasmolysis and
turgidity as mechanism of transportation in organisms.
iv. compare the various mechanisms of open
circulatory systems, in animal transpiration pull, root
pressure and active transport as mechanism of transportation in plants.
4. Respiration
a. Respiratory organs and surfaces
b. The mechanism of gaseous exchange in:
i. Plants
ii. Mammals
c. Aerobic respiration
d. Anaerobic respiration
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the significance of respiration;
ii. describe a simplified outline of the chemical process involved in glycolysis and krebs cycle with reference to the role ATP
iii deduce from an experimental set up, gaseous exchange and products, exchange and production of heat energy during respiration.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the following respiratory organs and surfaces with organisms in which they occur; body surface, gill, trachea, lungs, stomata and lenticel.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the mechanism for the opening and closing of the stomata;
ii. determine respiratory movements in these animals.
Candidates should be able to:
iii. examine the role of oxygen in the liberation of
energy for the activities of the living organisms;
iv. deduce the effect of insufficient supply of oxygen to the muscles.
Candidates should be able to:
i. use yeast cells and sugar solution to demonstrate
the process of fermentation.
ii. know the economic importance of yeasts.
5. Excretion
a. Types of excretory structures:
contractile vacuole, flamecell,
nephridium, Malpighian tubule, kidney,
stoma and lenticel.
b. Excretory mechanisms:
i. Kidneys
ii. lungs
ii. skin
c. Excretory products of plants
Candidates should be able to:
i. define the meaning and state the significance of excretion;
ii. relate the characteristics of each structure with functions.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the structure of the kidneys to the excretory
nd osmo-regulatory functions.
. identify the functions and excretory products of the lungs and the skin.
Candidates should be able to:
i. deduce the economic importance of the excretory
products of plants, e.g carbon (IV) oxide, oxygen, tannins, resins, gums, mucilage, alkaloids etc.
6. Support and movement
a. Tropic, tactic, nastic and sleep
movements in plants
b. supporting tissues in animals
c. Types and functions of the skeleton
i. Exoskeleton
ii. Endoskeleton
iii. Functions of the skeleton in animals
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine the need for support and movement in
organisms;
ii. identify supporting tissues in plants (collenchyma,
sclerenchyma, xylem and phloem fibres);
iii. describe the distribution of supporting tissues in
roots, stem, and leaf.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the response of plants to the stimuli of light,
water, gravity and touch;
ii. identify the regions of growth in roots and shoots
and the roles of auxins in tropism.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the location of chitin, cartilage and bone to
their supporting function.
ii. relate the structure and the general layout of the
mammalian skeleton to their supportive, locomotive and respiratory function.
iii. differentiate types of joints using appropriate
examples.
Candidates should be able to:
i. apply the protective, supportive, locomotive and
respiratory functions of the skeleton to the well being of the animal.
7. Reproduction
a. A sexual reproduction
i. Fission as in Paramecium
ii. Budding as in yeast
iii. Natural vegetative propagation
iv. Artificial vegetative propagation.
b. sexual reproduction in flowering plants
i. Floral parts and their functions
ii. Pollination and fertilization
iii. products of sexual reproduction
c. Reproduction in mammals
i. structures and functions of the male and female reproductive organs
ii. Fertilization and development.
(Fusion of gamates)
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between asexual and sexual reproduction
ii. apply natural vegetative propagation in crop production and multiplication.
iii. apply grafting, budding and layering in agricultural practices.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate parts of flower to their functions and reproductive process
ii. deduce the advantages of cross pollination.
iii. deduce the different types of placentation that develop into simple, aggregate, multiple and succulent fruits.
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between male and female reproductive organs
ii. relate their structure and function to the production of offspring.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the fusion of gametes as a process of
fertilization.
ii. relate the effects of the mother’s health, nutrition
and indiscriminate use of drugs on the developmental stages of the embryo up to birth.
iv. Modern methods of regulating reproductive on e.g. invitro fertilization and birth control
8. Growth
a. meaning of growth
b. Germination of seeds and condition
necessary for germination of seeds.
Candidates should be able to:
i. apply the knowledge of the conditions necessary for germination on plants growth.
ii. differentiate between epigeal and hypogeal germination.
9. Co-ordination and control
a. Nervous coordination:
i. the components, structure and functions
of the central nervous system;
ii. The components and functions of the
peripheral nervous systems;
iii. Mechanism of transmission of impulses;
iv. Reflex action
b. The sense organs
i. skin (tactile)
ii. nose (olfactory)
iii. tongue (taste)
iv. eye (sight)
v. ear (auditory)
c. Hormonal control
i. animal hormonal system
– Pituitary
– thyroid
– parathyroid
– adrenal gland
– pancreas
– gonads
ii. Plant hormones (phytohormones)
d. Homeostasis
i. Body temperature regulation
ii. Salt and water regulation
Candidates should be able to:
i. apply the knowledge of the structure and function of the central nervous system in the coordination of body functions in organisms.
ii. illustrate reflex actions such as blinking of the eyes, knee jerk etc.
iii. differentiate between reflex and voluntary actions as well as conditioned reflexes such as salivation, riding a bicycle and swimming.
Candidates should be able to:
i. associate the listed sense organs with their functions.
ii. apply the knowledge of the structure and functions of these sense organs in detecting and correcting their defects.
Candidates should be able to:
i. locate the listed endocrine glands in animals.
ii. relate the hormone produced by each of these glands to their functions.
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the effects of various phytohormones (e.g. auxins, gibberellin, cytokinin, and ethylene) on growth, tropism, flowering, fruit ripening and leaf abscission.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the function of hormones to regulating the levels of materials inside the body.
ECOLOGY
1. Factors affecting the distribution of Organisms
i. Abiotic
ii. Biotic
Candidates should be able to:
i. deduce the effects of temperature; rainfall, relative
humidity, wind speed and direction, altitude, salinity, turbidity, pH and edaphic (soil) conditions on the distribution of organisms.
ii. use appropriate equipment (e.g. secchi disc,
thermometer, rain gauge etc) to measure abiotic factors.
Candidates should be able to: | awajis.com/waec
i. describe how the activities of plants/animals (particularly human) affect the distribution of organisms.
2. Symbiotic interactions of plants and animals
(a) Energy flow in the ecosystem: food chains, food webs and trophic levels
(b) Nutrient cycling in nature
i. carbon cycle
ii. water cycle
iii. Nitrogen cycle
andidates should be able to:
i. determine appropriate examples of symbiosis, parasitism, saprophytism, commensalism, mutualism, amensalism,
competition, predation and cooperation among organisms.
ii. associate the distribution of organisms with food chains and food webs in particular habitats.
Candidates should be able to:
i. food chains and webs
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the cycle and its significance including the balance of atmospheric oxygen and carbon (IV) oxide and global warming.
Candidates should be able to:
i. assess the effects of water cycle on other nutrient cycles.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the roles of bacteria and leguminous plants in the cycling of nitrogen.
3. Natural Habitats
(a) Aquatic (e.g. ponds, streams, lakes
seashores and mangrove swamps)
(b) Terrestrial/arboreal (e.g. tree-tops of oil palm, abandoned farmland or a dry grassy (savanna) field, and burrow or hole.
Candidates should be able to:
i. associate plants and animals with each of these habitats.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate adaptive features to the habitats in which an organisms lives.
4. Local (Nigerian Biomes)
a. Tropical rainforest
b. Guinea savanna (southern and northern)
c. Sudan Savanna
d. Desert
e. Highlands of montane forests and grasslands of the Obudu, Jos, Mambilla Plateau.
Candidates should be able to:
i. locate biomes in regions
ii. apply the knowledge of the features of the listed local biomes in determining the characteristics of different regions of Nigeria.
5. The Ecology of Populations:
(a) Population density and overcrowding.
(b) Adaptation for survival
i. Factors that bring about competition
ii. Intra and inter-specific competition
iii. Relationship between competition and succession.
(c) Factors affecting population sizes:
i. Biotic (e.g. food, pest, disease, predation, competition, reproductive ability).
ii. Abiotic (e.g. temperature, space, light, rainfall, topography, pressure, pH, etc.
(d) Ecological succession
i. primary succession
ii. secondary succession
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine the reasons for rapid changes in human population and the consequences of overcrowding.
ii. compute/calculate density as the number of organisms per unit area.
Candidates should be able to:
i) Relate increase in population, diseases, shortage of food and space with intra- and inter-specific competition.
Candidates should be able to:
i) Determine niche differentiation as a means of reducing intra-specific completion.
Candidates should be able to: | awajis.com/jamb
i) Relate competition to succession.
Candidates should be able to:
i. deduce the effect of these factors on the size of population.
i. determine the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors, e.g. drought or scarcity of water which leads to food shortage and lack of space which causes increase in disease rates.
Candidates should be able to:
i. trace the sequence in succession to the climax stage of stability in plant population.
6. SOIL
a) (i) characteristics of different types
of soil (sandy, loamy, clayey)
i. soil structure
ii. porosity, capillarity and humus
content
iii. Components of the soil
i. inorganic
ii. organic
iii. soil organisms
iv. Soil air
v. Soil water
Soil fertility:
i. loss of soil fertility
ii. Renewal and maintenance of soil fertility
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify physical properties of different soil types based on simple measurement of particle size, porosity or water retention ability.
ii. determine the amounts of air, water, humus and capillarity in different soil types experimentally.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate soil characteristics, types and components to the healthy growth of plant.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate such factors as loss of inorganic matter, compaction, leaching, erosion of the top soil and repeated cropping with one variety.
Candidates should be able to:
i. apply the knowledge of the practice of contour ridging, terracing, mulching, poly-cropping, strip-cropping, use of organic and inorganic fertilizers, crop rotation, shifting cultivation, etc to enhance soil conservation.
. Humans and Environment
(a) Diseases:
(i) Common and endemic diseases.
ii. Easily transmissible diseases and disease syndrome such as:
– poliomyelitis
– cholera
– tuberculosis
– sexually transmitted disease/syndrome (gonorrhea, syphilis, AIDS, etc.
b. Pollution and its control
(i) sources, types, effects and methods of control.
(ii) Sanitation and sewage
(c) Conservation of Natural Resources
(d) Game reserves and National parks
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify ecological conditions that favour the spread of common endemic and potentially epidemic disease e.g. malaria, meningitis, drancunculiasis, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis, typhoid fever and cholera etc.
ii. relate the biology of the vector or agent of each disease with its spread and control.
Candidates should be able to:
i. use the knowledge of the causative organisms, mode of transmission and symptoms of the listed diseases to their prevention/treatment/control.
ii. apply the principles of inoculation and vaccination on disease prevention.
Candidates should be able to:
i. categorize pollution into air, water and soil pollution.
ii. relate the effects of common pollutants to human health and environmental degradation.
iii. determine the methods by which each pollutant may be controlled.
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the importance of sanitation with emphasis on solid waste sewage disposal, community health and personal hygiene.
ii assess the roles and functions of international and national health agencies (e.g. World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF), International Red Cross Society (IRCS), and the ministries of health and environment.
Candidates should be able to:
(i) apply the various methods of conservation of both the renewable and non-renewable natural resources for the protection of our environment for present and future generations.
(ii) outline the benefits of conserving natural resources, prevention of desertification.
(iii) identify the bodies responsible for the conservation of resources at the national and international levels (e.g. Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF), Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria National Parks, World Wildlife Foundation (WWF), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN),
United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and their activities.
(iv) asses their activities.
Candidates should be able to:
i. Know the location and importance of game reserves and National parks in Nigeria
D: HEREDITY AND VARIATIONS
(I) Variation In Population
a. Morphological variations in the physical appearance of individuals.
(i) size (height, weight)
(ii) Colour (skin, eye, hair, coat of animals, scales and feathers.
(iii) Fingerprints
b. Physiological variation
(i) Ability to roll tongue
(ii) Ability to taste
phenylthiocarbamide (PTC)
(iii) Blood groups
c. Application of discontinuous
variation in crime detection,
blood transfusion and
determination of paternity.
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between continuous and discontinuous variations with examples.
ii. relate the role of environmental conditions, habitat and the genetic constitution to variation.
Candidates should be able to:
i) measure heights and weight of pupils of the same age group;
ii) plot graphs of frequency distribution of the heights and weights.
Candidates should be able to:
i) observe and record various colour patterns in some plants and mammals.
Candidates should be able to:
i) apply classification of fingerprints in identity detection.
Candidates should be able to:
i) identify some specific examples of
physiological variation among human population.
ii) categorize people according to their physiological variation.
Candidates should be able to:
i) apply the knowledge of blood groups in blood transfusion and determination of paternity.
ii) use discontinuous variation in crime detection.
2. Heredity
a) Inheritance of characters in organisms;
i) Heritable and non-heritable characters.
b) Chromosomes – the basis of heredity;
(i) Structure
(ii) Process of transmission of hereditary characters from parents to offspring.
c) Probability in genetics and sex determination.
a) Application of the principles of heredity in:
i) Agriculture
(ii) Medicine
b. Sex – linked characters e.g. baldness, haemophilia, colour blindness, etc.
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine heritable and non-heritable characters with examples.
Candidates should be able to:
i. illustrate simple structure of DNA
Candidates should be able to:
i. illustrate segregation of genes at meiosis and recombination
of genes at fertilization to account for the process of transmission of characters from parents to offsprings.
Candidates should be able to:
i) deduce that segregation of genes occurs during gamete formation and that recombination of genes at fertilization is
random in nature.
Candidates should be able to:
i. analyze data on cross-breeding experiments.
ii. apply the principles of heredity in the production of new varieties of crops and livestock through cross-breeding.
iii. deduce advantages and disadvantages
of out-breeding and in-breeding.
iv. analyze elementarily the contentious issues of genetically modified organisms (GMO) and gene therapy and biosafety.
Candidates should be able to:
i) apply the knowledge of heredity in marriage counselling with particular reference to blood grouping, sickle-cell
anaemia and the Rhesus factors.
ii) examine the significance of using recombinant DNA materials in the production of important medical products such as insulin, interferon and enzymes.
Candidates should be able to:
i) identify characters that are sex linked.
E: EVOLUTION
1. Theories of evolution
a) Lamarck’s theory
b) Darwin’s theory
c) organic theory
Candidates should be able to:
i.) relate organic evolution as the sum total of all adaptive changes that have taken place over a long period of time resulting in the diversity of forms, structure and functions among organisms.
ii.) examine the contributions of Lamarck and Darwin to the theory of evolution.
iii.) know evidences in support of organic evolution
. Evidence of evolution
Candidates should be able to:
i.) provide evidences for evolution such as fossil records, comparative anatomy, physiology and embryology.
ii.) trace evolutionary trends in plants and animals.
iii.) provide evidence for modern evolutionary theories such as genetic studies and the role of mutation.
Table of content
nbsp; A: VARIETY OF ORGANISMS
1. Living organisms:
2. Evolution among the following:
3.a Structural/functional and behavioural adaptations of organisms.
B: FORM AND FUNCTIONS
1. Internal structure of a flowering plant
2. Nutrition
3. Transport
4. Respiration
7. Reproduction
8. Growth
9. Co-ordination and control
C: ECOLOGY
1. Factors affecting the distribution of Organisms
2. Symbiotic interactions of plants and animals
3. Natural Habitats
4. Local (Nigerian Biomes)
5. The Ecology of Populations:
6. SOIL
7. Humans and Environment
D: HEREDITY AND VARIATIONS
(I) Variation In Population
2. Heredity
E: EVOLUTION
1. Theories of evolution
2. Evidence of evolution
A: VARIETY OF ORGANISMS
1. Living organisms:
a. Characteristics
b. Cell structure and functions of cell Components
c. Level of organization
i. Cell e.g. euglena and paramecium,
ii. Tissue, e.g. epithelial tissues and hydra
iii. Organ, e.g. onion bulb
iv. Systems, e.g. reproductive, digestive and excretory
v. Organisms e.g. Chlamydomonas
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between the characteristics of living and non-living things.
ii. identify the structures of plants and animal cells.
iii. analyse the functions of the components of plants and animal cells.
iv. compare and contrast the structure of plant and animal cells.
v. trace the levels of organization among organisms in their logical sequence in relation to the five level of organization of living organisms.
2. Evolution among the following:
a. Monera (prokaryotes), e.g. bacteria and blue green algae.
b. Protista (protozoans and protophyta),
e.g. Amoeba, Euglena and Paramecium
c. Fungi, e.g. mushroom and Rhizopus.
d. Plantae (plants)
i. Thallophyta (e.g. Spirogyra)
ii. Bryophyta (mosses and liveworts) e.g.
rachmenium and Merchantia.
iii. Pteridophyta (ferns) e.g. Dryopteris.
iv. Spermatophyta (Gymnospermae and Angiospermae)
– Gymnosperms e.g. Cycads and conifers.
– Angiosperms (monocots, e.g. maize; dicots, e.g. water leaf)
e. Animalia (animals)
i. Invertebrates
– coelenterate (e.g. Hydra)
– Platyhelminthes (flatworms) e.g. Taenia
– Nematoda (roundworms)
– Annelida (e.g. earthworm)
– Arthropoda e.g. mosquito, cockroach, housefly, bee, butterfly
– Mollusca (e.g. snails)
ii. Multicellular animals (vertebrates)
– pisces (cartilaginous and bony fish)
– Amphibia (e.g. toads and frogs)
– Reptilia (e.g. lizards, snakes and turtles)
– Aves (birds)
– Mammalia (mammals)
Candidates should be able to:
i. analyse external features and characteristics of the listed organisms:
ii. apply the knowledge from (i) above to demonstrate increase in structural complexity .
iii. trace the stages in the life histories of the listed organisms.
iv. apply the knowledge of the life histories to demonstrate gradual transition from life in water to life on land.
v. trace the evolution of the listed plants.Candidates should be able to:
i. trace the advancement of the invertebrate animals.
ii. determine the economic importance of the
insects studied.
iii. asses their values to the environment.
i. trace the advancement of multi-cellular animals.
ii. determine their economic importance.
3.a Structural/functional and behavioural adaptations of organisms.
b. adaptive colouration and its functions
c. Behavioural adaptations in social animals
d. Structural adaptations in organisms.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe how the various structures, functions and behaviour adapt these organisms to their environment, and way of life
Candidates should be able to:
i. Categorize countershading in fish, toads and snakes and warning colouration in mushrooms.
Candidates should be able to:
i. Differentiate various castes in social insects like termites and thei functions in their colony hive.
ii. Account for basking in lizards, territorial behavour of other animals under unfavourable conditions (hibernation and aestivation).
Candidates should be able to account for adaptation in organisms with respect to the following:
i. Obtaining food (beaks and legs of birds, mouthparts of insects especially mosquito, butterfly and moth.)
ii. Protection and defence (stick insects, praying mantis and toad).
iii. Securing mates (redhead male and female Agama lizards, display of fathers by birds).
iv. Regulating body temperature (skin, feathers and hairs)
v. Conserving water (spines in plants and scales in mammals).
B: FORM AND FUNCTIONS
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES OBJECTIVES
1. Internal structure of a flowering plant
i. Root
ii. Stem
iii. Leaf
b. Internal structure of a mammal
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the transverse sections of these
organs.
a. relate the structure of these organs to their
functions.
b. Identify supporting tissues in plants (collenchyma) sclerenchyma, xylem and phloem fibres)
c. Describe the distribution of supporting tissues in roots, stem and leaf
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the arrangement of the mammalian internal organs.
ii. describe the appearance and position of the digestive, reproductive and excretory organs.
2. Nutrition
a. Modes of nutrition
i. Autotrophic
ii. Heterotrophic
b. Types of Nutrition
c. Plant nutrition
i. Photosynthesis
ii. Mineral requirements
(macro and micro-nutrients)
d. Animal nutrition
i. Classes of food substances; carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils, vitamins, mineral salts and water
ii. Food tests (e.g. starch, reducing sugar, protein, oil, fat etc.
iii. The mammalian tooth (structures, types and functions
iv. Mammalian alimentary canal
v. Nutrition process (ingestion, digestion, absorption,
and assimilation of digested food.
Candidates should be able to:
i. compare the photosynthetic and chemosynthetic modes of nutrition;
ii. provide examples from both flowering and non- flowering plants
ii. compare autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition.
Candidates should be able to:
differentiate the following examples:
– holozoic (sheep and man)
– Parasitic (roundworm, tapeworm and Loranthus)
– saprophytic (Rhizopus and mushroom)
– carnivorous plants (sundew and bladderwort)
– determine their nutritional value.
Candidates should be able to:
i. Differentiate the light and dark reactions, and state conditions necessary for photosynthesis.
ii. determine the necessity of light, carbon (IV) oxide and
chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
iii. detect the presence of starch in a leaf as an evidence of photosynthesis.
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify macro-and micro-elements required by plants.
ii. recognise the deficiency symptoms of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium.
3. Transport
a. Need for transportation
b. Materials for transportation.
Excretory products, gases, manufactured food, digested food, nutrient, water and hormones)
c. Channels for transportation
i. Mammalian circulatory system (heart, arteries,
veins, and capillaries)
ii Plant vascular system (phloem and xylem)
d. Media and processes of mechanism for transportation.
Candidates should be able to:
i. indicate the sources of the various classes of food;
ii. relate the importance and deficiency e.g. scurvy, rickets, kwashiorkor etc. of each class;
iii. determine the importance of a balanced diet.
Candidates should be able to detect the presence of the listed food items from the result of a given experiment.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the structure of a typical mammalian tooth;
ii. differentiate the types of mammalian tooth and relate their structures to their functions.
iii. compare the dental formulae of man, sheep, and dog.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the structure of the various components of the alimentary canal and its accessory organs (liver, pancreas, and gall bladder) to their functions.
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the general characteristics of digestive enzymes;
ii. associate enzymes with digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats;
iii. determine the end products of these classes of food.
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine the relationship between increase in size and complexity and the need for the development of a transport system in plants and animals.
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine the sources of materials and the forms in which they are transported.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the general circulatory system;
ii. compare specific functions of the hepatic portal vein, the pulmonary vein and artery, aorta, the renal artery and vein
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the organs of the plant vascular system.
ii. understand the specific functions of the phloem and xylem.
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify media of transportation (e.g. cytoplasm,
cell sap, body fluid, blood and lymph);
ii. know the composition and functions of blood and lymph;
iii. describe diffusion, osmosis, plasmolysis and
turgidity as mechanism of transportation in organisms.
iv. compare the various mechanisms of open
circulatory systems, in animal transpiration pull, root
pressure and active transport as mechanism of transportation in plants.
4. Respiration
a. Respiratory organs and surfaces
b. The mechanism of gaseous exchange in:
i. Plants
ii. Mammals
c. Aerobic respiration
d. Anaerobic respiration
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the significance of respiration;
ii. describe a simplified outline of the chemical process involved in glycolysis and krebs cycle with reference to the role ATP
iii deduce from an experimental set up, gaseous exchange and products, exchange and production of heat energy during respiration.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the following respiratory organs and surfaces with organisms in which they occur; body surface, gill, trachea, lungs, stomata and lenticel.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the mechanism for the opening and closing of the stomata;
ii. determine respiratory movements in these animals.
Candidates should be able to:
iii. examine the role of oxygen in the liberation of
energy for the activities of the living organisms;
iv. deduce the effect of insufficient supply of oxygen to the muscles.
Candidates should be able to:
i. use yeast cells and sugar solution to demonstrate
the process of fermentation.
ii. know the economic importance of yeasts.
5. Excretion
a. Types of excretory structures:
contractile vacuole, flamecell,
nephridium, Malpighian tubule, kidney,
stoma and lenticel.
b. Excretory mechanisms:
i. Kidneys
ii. lungs
ii. skin
c. Excretory products of plants
Candidates should be able to:
i. define the meaning and state the significance of excretion;
ii. relate the characteristics of each structure with functions.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the structure of the kidneys to the excretory
nd osmo-regulatory functions.
. identify the functions and excretory products of the lungs and the skin.
Candidates should be able to:
i. deduce the economic importance of the excretory
products of plants, e.g carbon (IV) oxide, oxygen, tannins, resins, gums, mucilage, alkaloids etc.
6. Support and movement
a. Tropic, tactic, nastic and sleep
movements in plants
b. supporting tissues in animals
c. Types and functions of the skeleton
i. Exoskeleton
ii. Endoskeleton
iii. Functions of the skeleton in animals
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine the need for support and movement in
organisms;
ii. identify supporting tissues in plants (collenchyma,
sclerenchyma, xylem and phloem fibres);
iii. describe the distribution of supporting tissues in
roots, stem, and leaf.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the response of plants to the stimuli of light,
water, gravity and touch;
ii. identify the regions of growth in roots and shoots
and the roles of auxins in tropism.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the location of chitin, cartilage and bone to
their supporting function.
ii. relate the structure and the general layout of the
mammalian skeleton to their supportive, locomotive and respiratory function.
iii. differentiate types of joints using appropriate
examples.
Candidates should be able to:
i. apply the protective, supportive, locomotive and
respiratory functions of the skeleton to the well being of the animal.
7. Reproduction
a. A sexual reproduction
i. Fission as in Paramecium
ii. Budding as in yeast
iii. Natural vegetative propagation
iv. Artificial vegetative propagation.
b. sexual reproduction in flowering plants
i. Floral parts and their functions
ii. Pollination and fertilization
iii. products of sexual reproduction
c. Reproduction in mammals
i. structures and functions of the male and female reproductive organs
ii. Fertilization and development.
(Fusion of gamates)
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between asexual and sexual reproduction
ii. apply natural vegetative propagation in crop production and multiplication.
iii. apply grafting, budding and layering in agricultural practices.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate parts of flower to their functions and reproductive process
ii. deduce the advantages of cross pollination.
iii. deduce the different types of placentation that develop into simple, aggregate, multiple and succulent fruits.
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between male and female reproductive organs
ii. relate their structure and function to the production of offspring.
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the fusion of gametes as a process of
fertilization.
ii. relate the effects of the mother’s health, nutrition
and indiscriminate use of drugs on the developmental stages of the embryo up to birth.
iv. Modern methods of regulating reproductive on e.g. invitro fertilization and birth control
8. Growth
a. meaning of growth
b. Germination of seeds and condition
necessary for germination of seeds.
Candidates should be able to:
i. apply the knowledge of the conditions necessary for germination on plants growth.
ii. differentiate between epigeal and hypogeal germination.
9. Co-ordination and control
a. Nervous coordination:
i. the components, structure and functions
of the central nervous system;
ii. The components and functions of the
peripheral nervous systems;
iii. Mechanism of transmission of impulses;
iv. Reflex action
b. The sense organs
i. skin (tactile)
ii. nose (olfactory)
iii. tongue (taste)
iv. eye (sight)
v. ear (auditory)
c. Hormonal control
i. animal hormonal system
– Pituitary
– thyroid
– parathyroid
– adrenal gland
– pancreas
– gonads
ii. Plant hormones (phytohormones)
d. Homeostasis
i. Body temperature regulation
ii. Salt and water regulation
Candidates should be able to:
i. apply the knowledge of the structure and function of the central nervous system in the coordination of body functions in organisms.
ii. illustrate reflex actions such as blinking of the eyes, knee jerk etc.
iii. differentiate between reflex and voluntary actions as well as conditioned reflexes such as salivation, riding a bicycle and swimming.
Candidates should be able to:
i. associate the listed sense organs with their functions.
ii. apply the knowledge of the structure and functions of these sense organs in detecting and correcting their defects.
Candidates should be able to:
i. locate the listed endocrine glands in animals.
ii. relate the hormone produced by each of these glands to their functions.
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the effects of various phytohormones (e.g. auxins, gibberellin, cytokinin, and ethylene) on growth, tropism, flowering, fruit ripening and leaf abscission.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the function of hormones to regulating the levels of materials inside the body.
ECOLOGY
1. Factors affecting the distribution of Organisms
i. Abiotic
ii. Biotic
Candidates should be able to:
i. deduce the effects of temperature; rainfall, relative
humidity, wind speed and direction, altitude, salinity, turbidity, pH and edaphic (soil) conditions on the distribution of organisms.
ii. use appropriate equipment (e.g. secchi disc,
thermometer, rain gauge etc) to measure abiotic factors.
Candidates should be able to: | awajis.com/waec
i. describe how the activities of plants/animals (particularly human) affect the distribution of organisms.
2. Symbiotic interactions of plants and animals
(a) Energy flow in the ecosystem: food chains, food webs and trophic levels
(b) Nutrient cycling in nature
i. carbon cycle
ii. water cycle
iii. Nitrogen cycle
andidates should be able to:
i. determine appropriate examples of symbiosis, parasitism, saprophytism, commensalism, mutualism, amensalism,
competition, predation and cooperation among organisms.
ii. associate the distribution of organisms with food chains and food webs in particular habitats.
Candidates should be able to:
i. food chains and webs
Candidates should be able to:
i. describe the cycle and its significance including the balance of atmospheric oxygen and carbon (IV) oxide and global warming.
Candidates should be able to:
i. assess the effects of water cycle on other nutrient cycles.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate the roles of bacteria and leguminous plants in the cycling of nitrogen.
3. Natural Habitats
(a) Aquatic (e.g. ponds, streams, lakes
seashores and mangrove swamps)
(b) Terrestrial/arboreal (e.g. tree-tops of oil palm, abandoned farmland or a dry grassy (savanna) field, and burrow or hole.
Candidates should be able to:
i. associate plants and animals with each of these habitats.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate adaptive features to the habitats in which an organisms lives.
4. Local (Nigerian Biomes)
a. Tropical rainforest
b. Guinea savanna (southern and northern)
c. Sudan Savanna
d. Desert
e. Highlands of montane forests and grasslands of the Obudu, Jos, Mambilla Plateau.
Candidates should be able to:
i. locate biomes in regions
ii. apply the knowledge of the features of the listed local biomes in determining the characteristics of different regions of Nigeria.
5. The Ecology of Populations:
(a) Population density and overcrowding.
(b) Adaptation for survival
i. Factors that bring about competition
ii. Intra and inter-specific competition
iii. Relationship between competition and succession.
(c) Factors affecting population sizes:
i. Biotic (e.g. food, pest, disease, predation, competition, reproductive ability).
ii. Abiotic (e.g. temperature, space, light, rainfall, topography, pressure, pH, etc.
(d) Ecological succession
i. primary succession
ii. secondary succession
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine the reasons for rapid changes in human population and the consequences of overcrowding.
ii. compute/calculate density as the number of organisms per unit area.
Candidates should be able to:
i) Relate increase in population, diseases, shortage of food and space with intra- and inter-specific competition.
Candidates should be able to:
i) Determine niche differentiation as a means of reducing intra-specific completion.
Candidates should be able to: | awajis.com/jamb
i) Relate competition to succession.
Candidates should be able to:
i. deduce the effect of these factors on the size of population.
i. determine the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors, e.g. drought or scarcity of water which leads to food shortage and lack of space which causes increase in disease rates.
Candidates should be able to:
i. trace the sequence in succession to the climax stage of stability in plant population.
6. SOIL
a) (i) characteristics of different types
of soil (sandy, loamy, clayey)
i. soil structure
ii. porosity, capillarity and humus
content
iii. Components of the soil
i. inorganic
ii. organic
iii. soil organisms
iv. Soil air
v. Soil water
Soil fertility:
i. loss of soil fertility
ii. Renewal and maintenance of soil fertility
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify physical properties of different soil types based on simple measurement of particle size, porosity or water retention ability.
ii. determine the amounts of air, water, humus and capillarity in different soil types experimentally.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate soil characteristics, types and components to the healthy growth of plant.
Candidates should be able to:
i. relate such factors as loss of inorganic matter, compaction, leaching, erosion of the top soil and repeated cropping with one variety.
Candidates should be able to:
i. apply the knowledge of the practice of contour ridging, terracing, mulching, poly-cropping, strip-cropping, use of organic and inorganic fertilizers, crop rotation, shifting cultivation, etc to enhance soil conservation.
. Humans and Environment
(a) Diseases:
(i) Common and endemic diseases.
ii. Easily transmissible diseases and disease syndrome such as:
– poliomyelitis
– cholera
– tuberculosis
– sexually transmitted disease/syndrome (gonorrhea, syphilis, AIDS, etc.
b. Pollution and its control
(i) sources, types, effects and methods of control.
(ii) Sanitation and sewage
(c) Conservation of Natural Resources
(d) Game reserves and National parks
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify ecological conditions that favour the spread of common endemic and potentially epidemic disease e.g. malaria, meningitis, drancunculiasis, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis, typhoid fever and cholera etc.
ii. relate the biology of the vector or agent of each disease with its spread and control.
Candidates should be able to:
i. use the knowledge of the causative organisms, mode of transmission and symptoms of the listed diseases to their prevention/treatment/control.
ii. apply the principles of inoculation and vaccination on disease prevention.
Candidates should be able to:
i. categorize pollution into air, water and soil pollution.
ii. relate the effects of common pollutants to human health and environmental degradation.
iii. determine the methods by which each pollutant may be controlled.
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the importance of sanitation with emphasis on solid waste sewage disposal, community health and personal hygiene.
ii assess the roles and functions of international and national health agencies (e.g. World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF), International Red Cross Society (IRCS), and the ministries of health and environment.
Candidates should be able to:
(i) apply the various methods of conservation of both the renewable and non-renewable natural resources for the protection of our environment for present and future generations.
(ii) outline the benefits of conserving natural resources, prevention of desertification.
(iii) identify the bodies responsible for the conservation of resources at the national and international levels (e.g. Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF), Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria National Parks, World Wildlife Foundation (WWF), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN),
United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and their activities.
(iv) asses their activities.
Candidates should be able to:
i. Know the location and importance of game reserves and National parks in Nigeria
D: HEREDITY AND VARIATIONS
(I) Variation In Population
a. Morphological variations in the physical appearance of individuals.
(i) size (height, weight)
(ii) Colour (skin, eye, hair, coat of animals, scales and feathers.
(iii) Fingerprints
b. Physiological variation
(i) Ability to roll tongue
(ii) Ability to taste
phenylthiocarbamide (PTC)
(iii) Blood groups
c. Application of discontinuous
variation in crime detection,
blood transfusion and
determination of paternity.
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between continuous and discontinuous variations with examples.
ii. relate the role of environmental conditions, habitat and the genetic constitution to variation.
Candidates should be able to:
i) measure heights and weight of pupils of the same age group;
ii) plot graphs of frequency distribution of the heights and weights.
Candidates should be able to:
i) observe and record various colour patterns in some plants and mammals.
Candidates should be able to:
i) apply classification of fingerprints in identity detection.
Candidates should be able to:
i) identify some specific examples of
physiological variation among human population.
ii) categorize people according to their physiological variation.
Candidates should be able to:
i) apply the knowledge of blood groups in blood transfusion and determination of paternity.
ii) use discontinuous variation in crime detection.
2. Heredity
a) Inheritance of characters in organisms;
i) Heritable and non-heritable characters.
b) Chromosomes – the basis of heredity;
(i) Structure
(ii) Process of transmission of hereditary characters from parents to offspring.
c) Probability in genetics and sex determination.
a) Application of the principles of heredity in:
i) Agriculture
(ii) Medicine
b. Sex – linked characters e.g. baldness, haemophilia, colour blindness, etc.
Candidates should be able to:
i. determine heritable and non-heritable characters with examples.
Candidates should be able to:
i. illustrate simple structure of DNA
Candidates should be able to:
i. illustrate segregation of genes at meiosis and recombination
of genes at fertilization to account for the process of transmission of characters from parents to offsprings.
Candidates should be able to:
i) deduce that segregation of genes occurs during gamete formation and that recombination of genes at fertilization is
random in nature.
Candidates should be able to:
i. analyze data on cross-breeding experiments.
ii. apply the principles of heredity in the production of new varieties of crops and livestock through cross-breeding.
iii. deduce advantages and disadvantages
of out-breeding and in-breeding.
iv. analyze elementarily the contentious issues of genetically modified organisms (GMO) and gene therapy and biosafety.
Candidates should be able to:
i) apply the knowledge of heredity in marriage counselling with particular reference to blood grouping, sickle-cell
anaemia and the Rhesus factors.
ii) examine the significance of using recombinant DNA materials in the production of important medical products such as insulin, interferon and enzymes.
Candidates should be able to:
i) identify characters that are sex linked.
E: EVOLUTION
1. Theories of evolution
a) Lamarck’s theory
b) Darwin’s theory
c) organic theory
Candidates should be able to:
i.) relate organic evolution as the sum total of all adaptive changes that have taken place over a long period of time resulting in the diversity of forms, structure and functions among organisms.
ii.) examine the contributions of Lamarck and Darwin to the theory of evolution.
iii.) know evidences in support of organic evolution
. Evidence of evolution
Candidates should be able to:
i.) provide evidences for evolution such as fossil records, comparative anatomy, physiology and embryology.
ii.) trace evolutionary trends in plants and animals.
iii.) provide evidence for modern evolutionary theories such as genetic studies and the role of mutation.
Monday, February 11, 2019
LOKUTA BIYAR (5) DA AKE BUDE KOFOFIN SAMA
*_LOKUTA GUDA-(5) BIYAR DA AKE BUDE KOKOFIN SAMA_*
-Kafin Sallar Azzuhur.
Manzon Allah SAW yana cewa:
*_(Lallai ana bude kokofin sama lokacin da rana tayi zawali ba'a kullesu har sai anyi Sallar azzuhur, shi yasa nake so aiyukan alkhairi nawa ahau sama dasu a wannan lokacin)_*.
@ﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ
ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 1532 )
NB
_"Shi yasanya Annabi s.a.w ya sunnan ta mana yin nafila raka'a hudu a awannan lokacin kamar yadda yazo a cikin"_.
@Saheeha.
2-Lokacin kowane kiran sallah.
Manzon Allah s.a.w yace:
*(Idan kayi kiran Sallah ana bude kokofin sama,kuma sai a amshi adduar wanda yayi addua a wannan lokacin)*.
@ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻏﻴﺐ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 260 ) ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 818 ).
NB
_"Dan haka mu yawaita rokon Allah bayan kiran sallah lokacine na amsa addua kamar yadda Annabi s.a.w yace"_.
3-Lokacin jiran sallah a masallaci bayan an gama wata sallah,kamar tsakanin magariba da Isha'i ko tsakanin La'asar zuwa Magariba.
Manzon Allah s.a.w yana cewa:
*(Kuyi albishir,wannan Ubangijinku ne ya bude wata kofa daga cikin kokofin sama,yana alfahari da ku a wajan mala'ikunsa yana cewa:ku kulli bayina sun gabatar da farilla dana dora masu kuma amma suna jiran wata sallar)*.
@ﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻏﻴﺐ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 445 ) ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 36 )
NB
_"Wanda ya zauna a wajan sallarsa yana jiran wata sallah mala'iku sunayi masa addua kuma ana rubuta masa ladar yana cikin sallah sannan ana bude masa kofar sama dan amsa adduarsa"_
*4-Idan dare yayi Rabi*
Manzon Allah s.a.w yana cewa:
*(Idan dare yayi rabi ana bude kokofin sama,sai wani mai kira yayi kira yace: Shin akwai mai rokon Allah a amsa masa?akwai mai roko abashi?akwai mai da damuwa a yaye masa?babu wani musulmi da zai roki Allah a wannan lokaci face Allah ya amsa masa,sai dai mazinaciyar da take amfanuwa da zinar ko kudin zina....)*.
@ﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻏﻴﺐ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 786 )
ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 2971 )
*5-Lokacin yin addua da wadan nan kalmomi*:
*ﺍﻟﻠﻪُ ﺃﻛﺒﺮُ ﻛﺒﻴﺮًﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪُ ﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﺜﻴﺮًﺍ ﻭﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻪِ ﺑﻜﺮﺓً ﻭﺃﺻﻴﻞً*ﺍ
[ALLAHU AKBAR KABIRAN WALHAMDU LILLAHI KATHIRAN WA SUBHANALLAH BUKRATAN WA ASILA*]
Daya daga cikin sahabban Manzon s.a.w yana cewa:
"Wani lokaci muna sallah tare da Manzon Allah s.a.w sai wani mutum daga cikin mutane yace:
[ﺍﻟﻠﻪُ ﺃﻛﺒﺮُ ﻛﺒﻴﺮًﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪُ ﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﺜﻴﺮًﺍ ﻭﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻪِ ﺑﻜﺮﺓً ﻭﺃﺻﻴﻞ]
*ALLAHU AKBAR KABIRAN WALHAMDU LILLAHI KATHIRAN WA SUBHANALLAH BUKRATAN WA ASILA*]
sai Manzon Allah s.a.w yace:
*(Wanene ya fadi wadan nan kalmomin??)* Sai wani mutum yace nine ya Manzon Allah. Sai yace:
(An amsa adduarka kuma an bude maka kofofin sama,saboda da wadan nan kalmami)*.
Ibn Umar R.A yake cewa:
*"Ban taba barin fadar wadan nan kalmomin ba lokacin addua tun daga lokacin da naji Manzon S.a.w ya fadi haka"*.
@ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ( 601 ).
Mu hada wannan muyi turawa yan uwan mu domin amfanin juna duniya da lahira.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺭﺣﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ :
Yana cewa:
"Ban san wata daraja mafi falala da daukaka bayan Annabta kamar yada Ilimi mai amfani".
@ﺗﻬﺬﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺎﻝ ( ٢٠ /١٦ ).
Allah ya sanya mu cikin wadan da ake amsa adduar su.
-Kafin Sallar Azzuhur.
Manzon Allah SAW yana cewa:
*_(Lallai ana bude kokofin sama lokacin da rana tayi zawali ba'a kullesu har sai anyi Sallar azzuhur, shi yasa nake so aiyukan alkhairi nawa ahau sama dasu a wannan lokacin)_*.
@ﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ
ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 1532 )
NB
_"Shi yasanya Annabi s.a.w ya sunnan ta mana yin nafila raka'a hudu a awannan lokacin kamar yadda yazo a cikin"_.
@Saheeha.
2-Lokacin kowane kiran sallah.
Manzon Allah s.a.w yace:
*(Idan kayi kiran Sallah ana bude kokofin sama,kuma sai a amshi adduar wanda yayi addua a wannan lokacin)*.
@ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻏﻴﺐ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 260 ) ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 818 ).
NB
_"Dan haka mu yawaita rokon Allah bayan kiran sallah lokacine na amsa addua kamar yadda Annabi s.a.w yace"_.
3-Lokacin jiran sallah a masallaci bayan an gama wata sallah,kamar tsakanin magariba da Isha'i ko tsakanin La'asar zuwa Magariba.
Manzon Allah s.a.w yana cewa:
*(Kuyi albishir,wannan Ubangijinku ne ya bude wata kofa daga cikin kokofin sama,yana alfahari da ku a wajan mala'ikunsa yana cewa:ku kulli bayina sun gabatar da farilla dana dora masu kuma amma suna jiran wata sallar)*.
@ﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻏﻴﺐ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 445 ) ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 36 )
NB
_"Wanda ya zauna a wajan sallarsa yana jiran wata sallah mala'iku sunayi masa addua kuma ana rubuta masa ladar yana cikin sallah sannan ana bude masa kofar sama dan amsa adduarsa"_
*4-Idan dare yayi Rabi*
Manzon Allah s.a.w yana cewa:
*(Idan dare yayi rabi ana bude kokofin sama,sai wani mai kira yayi kira yace: Shin akwai mai rokon Allah a amsa masa?akwai mai roko abashi?akwai mai da damuwa a yaye masa?babu wani musulmi da zai roki Allah a wannan lokaci face Allah ya amsa masa,sai dai mazinaciyar da take amfanuwa da zinar ko kudin zina....)*.
@ﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻏﻴﺐ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 786 )
ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ - ﺭﻗﻢ : ( 2971 )
*5-Lokacin yin addua da wadan nan kalmomi*:
*ﺍﻟﻠﻪُ ﺃﻛﺒﺮُ ﻛﺒﻴﺮًﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪُ ﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﺜﻴﺮًﺍ ﻭﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻪِ ﺑﻜﺮﺓً ﻭﺃﺻﻴﻞً*ﺍ
[ALLAHU AKBAR KABIRAN WALHAMDU LILLAHI KATHIRAN WA SUBHANALLAH BUKRATAN WA ASILA*]
Daya daga cikin sahabban Manzon s.a.w yana cewa:
"Wani lokaci muna sallah tare da Manzon Allah s.a.w sai wani mutum daga cikin mutane yace:
[ﺍﻟﻠﻪُ ﺃﻛﺒﺮُ ﻛﺒﻴﺮًﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪُ ﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﺜﻴﺮًﺍ ﻭﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻪِ ﺑﻜﺮﺓً ﻭﺃﺻﻴﻞ]
*ALLAHU AKBAR KABIRAN WALHAMDU LILLAHI KATHIRAN WA SUBHANALLAH BUKRATAN WA ASILA*]
sai Manzon Allah s.a.w yace:
*(Wanene ya fadi wadan nan kalmomin??)* Sai wani mutum yace nine ya Manzon Allah. Sai yace:
(An amsa adduarka kuma an bude maka kofofin sama,saboda da wadan nan kalmami)*.
Ibn Umar R.A yake cewa:
*"Ban taba barin fadar wadan nan kalmomin ba lokacin addua tun daga lokacin da naji Manzon S.a.w ya fadi haka"*.
@ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ( 601 ).
Mu hada wannan muyi turawa yan uwan mu domin amfanin juna duniya da lahira.
ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺭﺣﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ :
Yana cewa:
"Ban san wata daraja mafi falala da daukaka bayan Annabta kamar yada Ilimi mai amfani".
@ﺗﻬﺬﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺎﻝ ( ٢٠ /١٦ ).
Allah ya sanya mu cikin wadan da ake amsa adduar su.
Friday, February 8, 2019
NIGERIAN POLICE ACADEMY
The Nigeria Police Academy came into being on the 15th March, 1988 from two temporary locations (Police College Kaduna, and Police Training School Chalawa, Kano).
he Academy was upgraded to a degree awarding institution by the Federal Government in April, 2012. Subsequently, the National Universities Commission (NUC) recognized the Academy as the 37th Federal University and 124th University in the Nigerian university system, the same year. The degree programme started in September, 2013.
The Nigeria Police Academy is calling for applications from suitably qualified candidates for the positions below:
1. Technologist I
Location: Kano
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
2. Senior Technologist
Location: Kano
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
3. Senior Technical Officer
Location: Kano
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
4. Technical Officer
Location: Kano
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
5. Law Librarian
Location: Kano
br /> Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
6. Lecturer I (Science)
Location: Kano
Departments: Biochemistry & Forensic Science, Biology, Mathematics & Computer Science, Physics.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
7. Lecturer I (Law)
Location: Kano
Departments: Customary & Islamic Law, Private & Public Law, International & Jurisprudence, Commercial & Property Law.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
8. Lecturer I (Humanities)
Location: Kano
Departments: English, History & International Studies, Linguistics & Nigerian Languages.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
9. Lecturer I (Social and Management Sciences)
Location: Kano
Departments: Accounting, Economics & Management Sciences, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
10. Senior Lecturer (Social and Management Sciences)
Location: Kano
Departments: Accounting, Economics & Management Sciences, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
11. Senior Lecturer (Humanities)
Location: Kano
Departments: English, History & International Studies, Linguistics & Nigerian Languages.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
12. Senior Lecturer (Law)
Location: Kano
Departments: Customary & Islamic Law, Private & Public Law, International & Jurisprudence, Commercial & Property Law.
pplication Closing Date: March 12, 2019
13. Senior Lecturer (Science)
Location: Kano
Departments: Biochemistry & Forensic Science, Biology, Mathematics & Computer Science, Physics.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
14. Reader (Social and Management Sciences)
Location: Kano
Departments: Accounting, Economics & Management Sciences, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
15. Reader (Science)
Location: Kano
Departments: Biochemistry & Forensic Science, Biology, Mathematics & Computer Science, Physics.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
16. Reader (Law)
Location: Kano
Departments: Customary & Islamic Law, Private & Public Law, International & Jurisprudence, Commercial & Property Law.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
17. Reader (Humanities)
Location: Kano
Departments: English, History & International Studies, Linguistics & Nigerian Languages.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
18. Professor (Social and Management Sciences)
Location: Kano
Departments: Accounting, Economics & Management Sciences, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
19. Professor (Humanities)
Location: Kano
Departments: English, History & International Studies, Linguistics & Nigerian Languages.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
20. Professor (Law)
Location: Kano
Departments: Customary & Islamic Law, Private & Public Law, International & Jurisprudence, Commercial & Property Law.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
21. Professor (Science)
Location: Kano
Departments: Biochemistry & Forensic Science, Biology, Mathematics & Computer Science, Physics.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019.
How to Apply
Interested and qualified candidates are to attach to their Applications, twenty (20) typewritten copies of their Curriculum Vitae, giving the details in the following order:
Full Name with Surname underlined.
Date and place of Birth
State of Origin/local Government
Nationality & how acquired
Marital Status
Number & ages of children
Current Postal Address including telephone number & E-mail
ducational institutions attended with dates
Academic/professional qualifications obtained with dates
Membership of Professional Bodies/Associations
Honours and Distinctions (If any)
Academic/Scholarly publications (in standard format)
Conferences Attended/Papers presented with dates
Previous Employment(s) and Post(s) held with dates
Present Employment including status and salary, duties and any other experience.
Name, Phone Numbers. and addresses of three (3) Referees (Employer, Educational and Personal) who are to forward confidential reports on them directly to the Registrar via the address below.
Applications are to be submitted in a sealed envelope with the inscription of the post for which you are applying on the top left hand corner addressed and sent to:
The Registrar,
Nigeria Police Academy Wudil,
Kano-Maiduguri Road,
P.M.B. 3474,
Kano State.
OR
P.O. Box 14830,
Kano State.
Note: Applicants must be ready to support every claim with documentary evidence (where applicable) and bring the originals of all their credentials if invited for interview.
he Academy was upgraded to a degree awarding institution by the Federal Government in April, 2012. Subsequently, the National Universities Commission (NUC) recognized the Academy as the 37th Federal University and 124th University in the Nigerian university system, the same year. The degree programme started in September, 2013.
The Nigeria Police Academy is calling for applications from suitably qualified candidates for the positions below:
1. Technologist I
Location: Kano
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
2. Senior Technologist
Location: Kano
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
3. Senior Technical Officer
Location: Kano
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
4. Technical Officer
Location: Kano
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
5. Law Librarian
Location: Kano
br /> Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
6. Lecturer I (Science)
Location: Kano
Departments: Biochemistry & Forensic Science, Biology, Mathematics & Computer Science, Physics.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
7. Lecturer I (Law)
Location: Kano
Departments: Customary & Islamic Law, Private & Public Law, International & Jurisprudence, Commercial & Property Law.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
8. Lecturer I (Humanities)
Location: Kano
Departments: English, History & International Studies, Linguistics & Nigerian Languages.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
9. Lecturer I (Social and Management Sciences)
Location: Kano
Departments: Accounting, Economics & Management Sciences, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
10. Senior Lecturer (Social and Management Sciences)
Location: Kano
Departments: Accounting, Economics & Management Sciences, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
11. Senior Lecturer (Humanities)
Location: Kano
Departments: English, History & International Studies, Linguistics & Nigerian Languages.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
12. Senior Lecturer (Law)
Location: Kano
Departments: Customary & Islamic Law, Private & Public Law, International & Jurisprudence, Commercial & Property Law.
pplication Closing Date: March 12, 2019
13. Senior Lecturer (Science)
Location: Kano
Departments: Biochemistry & Forensic Science, Biology, Mathematics & Computer Science, Physics.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
14. Reader (Social and Management Sciences)
Location: Kano
Departments: Accounting, Economics & Management Sciences, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
15. Reader (Science)
Location: Kano
Departments: Biochemistry & Forensic Science, Biology, Mathematics & Computer Science, Physics.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
16. Reader (Law)
Location: Kano
Departments: Customary & Islamic Law, Private & Public Law, International & Jurisprudence, Commercial & Property Law.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
17. Reader (Humanities)
Location: Kano
Departments: English, History & International Studies, Linguistics & Nigerian Languages.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
18. Professor (Social and Management Sciences)
Location: Kano
Departments: Accounting, Economics & Management Sciences, Psychology, Political Science, Sociology.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
19. Professor (Humanities)
Location: Kano
Departments: English, History & International Studies, Linguistics & Nigerian Languages.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
20. Professor (Law)
Location: Kano
Departments: Customary & Islamic Law, Private & Public Law, International & Jurisprudence, Commercial & Property Law.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
21. Professor (Science)
Location: Kano
Departments: Biochemistry & Forensic Science, Biology, Mathematics & Computer Science, Physics.
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019
Application Closing Date: March 12, 2019.
How to Apply
Interested and qualified candidates are to attach to their Applications, twenty (20) typewritten copies of their Curriculum Vitae, giving the details in the following order:
Full Name with Surname underlined.
Date and place of Birth
State of Origin/local Government
Nationality & how acquired
Marital Status
Number & ages of children
Current Postal Address including telephone number & E-mail
ducational institutions attended with dates
Academic/professional qualifications obtained with dates
Membership of Professional Bodies/Associations
Honours and Distinctions (If any)
Academic/Scholarly publications (in standard format)
Conferences Attended/Papers presented with dates
Previous Employment(s) and Post(s) held with dates
Present Employment including status and salary, duties and any other experience.
Name, Phone Numbers. and addresses of three (3) Referees (Employer, Educational and Personal) who are to forward confidential reports on them directly to the Registrar via the address below.
Applications are to be submitted in a sealed envelope with the inscription of the post for which you are applying on the top left hand corner addressed and sent to:
The Registrar,
Nigeria Police Academy Wudil,
Kano-Maiduguri Road,
P.M.B. 3474,
Kano State.
OR
P.O. Box 14830,
Kano State.
Note: Applicants must be ready to support every claim with documentary evidence (where applicable) and bring the originals of all their credentials if invited for interview.
FASSARAR LITTAFIN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, MATHEMATICS
~Cibiyar Bincike Kan Harsunan Nigeria da Fassara da Hikimomin Al'umma, Jami'ar Bayero, Kano.
Wannan cibiya mai suna a sama tayi Nasarar buga da fassara Litattafan kimiyya guda takwas zuwa yaren Hausa saboda daliban Piramare, Karamar Sakandare (Junior) da kuma babbar Sakandare (Senior) Saboda dalibai 'yan yankin Arwacin Nigeria.
Farfesa Aliyu Mu'azu Director na wannan Cibiyar yace "Litattafan sune:
1. Kimiyya da Fasaha don makarantun Firamare. Littafi na daya zuwa na uku.
2. Lissafi don Kananan makarantun Sakandare. Littafi na daya zuwa na uku.
3. Kyamistare (Chemistry) don manyan makarantun Sakandare.
4. Fizis (Physics) don manyan makarantun Sakandare.
Wadannan sune Litattafan da aka Fassara zuwa yaren Hausa.
Haka kuma wajen yin aikin wannan fassara Farfesa Mu'azu yace sunyi amfani ne da tsarin karantarwa na kasa (National Curriculum) tare da Taimakon abokan aikin su na Faculty of Science da kuma Faculty Of Education.
Farfesa Mu'azu yace "Shawarar fassara wadannan Litattafan da kuma buga su yazo ne sakamakon kokarin da wannan cibiya takeyi na ganin ta bada nata gudun muwa wajen habaka ilimin zamani a yankin mu na Arewa ta hanyar koyarda ilimin da harshen uwa (Yaren mu/Hausa) dan haka wannan cibiya tayi amannar cewa koyo da koyarwa zai kasance mafi sauki da kuma fahimta matukar dai anayi ne da harshen Hausa (Mothers tongue) hakanan ya kara da cewa kaje kasashen da suka cigaba kagani, zakaga sirrin cigaban ilimin su shine koyar da shi da sukeyi da yaren su. A karshe Farfesa Mu'azu yace " Cibiyar zatayi kokari wajen hada kai da hukumomin Jahohi dana tarayya dan tabbatar da cewa wadannan Litattafan ana amfani dasu a makarantun kasar"
br /> A jawabin sa mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Farfesa Muhammmad Yahuza Bello yace "Yayi alkawarin taimakawa duk wani cigaba da wannan cibiya ta kawo don habaka yaren Hausa (Mothers tongue) a arewacin Nigeria dama kasa baki daya. Haka kuma ya yabawa wannan Cibiya bisa wannan namijin kokari da tayi, yace wannan cigaba ne bawai ga Cibiyar kawai ba, har dama Jami'ar ta Bayero baki daya"
Itama a nata Bangaren Kungiyar Arewa Students Orientation Forum ta yabawa wannan cibiya bisa wannan Namijin Kokarin, kazalika daman Kungiyar tayita kiraye-kiraye akan yin wannan aikin na fassara, gashi Alhamdu_Lillah an fara samun Nasara. A karshe Kungiyar ta Arewa SOF tana kira ga daukacin hukumomin Jahohi dana tarayya da su amince da yin amfani da wadannan Litattafan a makarantun mu, dan haifar da kwararrun likitoci, injiniyoyi, da Sauran su.
Tags ILIMI#
br /> ILIMI Anyi Nasarar Kammala Fassarar Litattafan PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, MATHEMATICS zuwa yaren HAUSA.
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A QUICKIE WITH A STRANGER INSIDE THE BATHROOM
didn't want to go to the party because all my friends took their girl friend's along and I didn't because my girlfriend was in another state studying.
We get to the party and I order *Origin zero* because I'm not an alcoholic type.
I was sitting on a corner, moving my head to the music, I would've jumped up to dance but I didn't know how to dance so I was just sipping my drink and doing what I can (moving my head to the beat).
Suddenly I saw this fine axx chick looking at me from afar, I just moved my attention to somewhere else and after some seconds, I decided to look if the girl still there, to my surprise, I caught the girl still looking at me, and she smiled.
I turned my face to look at the back if she was smiling to someone else and there wasn't anyone and when I turned back, she waved to me, so that was when I realized that I was the one she was smiling at, I waved back, and she put a hand to her chest and point it to me (asking me if she should come) and I said yes.
She get up and walked towards me, pick a stool and sat beside me.
She offered me her hand in handshake and I stretched my hand to receive hers.
She told me her name was Sarah and I said I am Ayomide and she smiled.
I asked her why she smiled and she said is it faith or a coincidence, because her ex boyfriend name was Ayomide.
And I told her your ex boyfriend didn't hurt you right?
nd she nodded in reply.
She said enough with my ex boyfriend, can you buy me drink and I asked what she will like to take, she said same thing you are taking, that she took enough alcohol already.
So I told her to giv me a minute and I left for the bar, in no time, I was back, I handed her the drink and she said thanks. We were both sipping our drinks and shaking our heads to the music. The track that was playing was a little bit slow and the D.J changed the song to a party mix, and it was a song sh love because she jumped up at dancing and I was must sitting there watching her dance and after a minute or two, she asked me to join her and I said no, I don't know how to dance?
She said she wants to dance and she didn't want to dance alone, I told her but I can't dance and she said she will be leading me through it, so I quickly rushed my remaining drink and get up.
We get to the dance floor and we started the grooving. I was just moving my body like all this Yoruba women and Sarah was dancing so fine. I tell you I was ashamed of myself because I couldn't dance, Sarah was just dancing to the music as if the dance was made for the song. So perfect.
The track changed to another slow song and Sarah came closer to me and whining like a snake but slowly and her axx was touching my D!ck and I get the message she was sending and as a sharp boy, I didn't dull myself, I just grabbed the axx, bring it close to my ROD and my ROD woke up from it slumber and she felt it, she looked at me and smiled.
I smiled back and told her don't blame me and she continued what she was doing and my D!ck gain more strength and Sarah felt this and couldn't take it anymore, she just faced me and grabbed it from my Jordan three quarter, and she was playing with it and I was so feeling it and couldn't take the punishment anymore, I want more, so I took her hand inside my trouser and she grabbed mi D!ck and she started stroking it, the sensation was getting too much, she just kissed me and we get so emotional, we forgot we were in the midst of people, one of my friends came to whispered in my hear and say, get a room bro.
The talk was a wake up call, I didn't think twice, I just grabbed Sarah hand and dragged her to the bathroom, on getting to the bathroom, I didn't know where that strength came from, she just pushed me to the wall and she started kissing me, kissing me and at the same time, doing justice to the little me inside my trouser.
I was just numb doing nothing, I was back to life when I felt a cold on my D!ck, I couldn't believe my eyes, she was sucking me, at the same time rubbing my balls.
I was just moaning and whining my waist to the stroking of my D!ck.
After a while she got up and kissed me and she took off her top and I helped her to remove the hook of her bra.
#Damn!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
t was like a magic, I didn't know her Boobs was this big, it was like the bra hide her Breast, and me I'm a fan of big Breast, I just grabbed it like a hungry baby and start sucking. I was sucking one and rubbing the other one, I will go to the 2nd one and suck it and be rubbing the other one.
I was busy doing that and didn't noticed she was finger forking herself, it was when I felt something on my lap, I looked at it and it was her Puci juice, she just cummed, she was breathing faster, she stopped me from working on her Breast, turned to face the wall and she hold my ROD to insert it inside her wet Puci, I just hold her hand and carried her to sit on the toilet sink, opened her legs wide and she was just staring at me looking at the miracle I want to perform, I just rubbed her wet Puci with my hand and put my index finger and started finger fucking her, she was feeling it and told me to add more finger, so I did, and I continued finger forking her and at the same time, I was licking her Puci.
I did that for about 3mins and she begged me to stop and said "I want your cork inside me now".
So I obliged.
On getting up, she didn't let me balance on my feet and just grabbed my ROD and lead it to her wet Puci, I told her to suck me because my D!ck was a little soft, she did that for a few seconds and my D!ck gain erection.
She took it from her mouth and directed it to her cunt. At 1st it didn't want to get in because her cunt was very tight, but on many trial, all my 8" ROD was in and the journey begin.
I started slowly and she gave me a soft moan, and she said "Please Faster".
Hearing this made my head swell up cos I love it fast. I increased my speed like a car that want to overtake another car on an express lane.
I was hitting every corner of her cunt like when doing dishes.
She told me she wants cowgirl style and I get up and sat on the toilet sink, she directed my ROD to her hot wet cunt and begin to fork me.
She was busy forking me and I was doing justice to her Breast.
After a while, I carried her up to the wall and was banging her faster like an electric moving train. I did this for about 7mins and released this hot cum on my D!ck and makes every thrust more smooth and sweet.
I was getting tired of doing just a style for many minutes and I turned her axx facing me and ask her if she ever being fork from axxhole before and she said no and I said can we try it and she nodded yes in reply and I put my finger in her cunt to fetched out some fluid so to make my D!ck to get it smoothly and rub it on my D!ck.
I did it twice so to get enough fluid and spread her axxhole with my hand and tried to insert my ROD Inside but couldn't get in and she said use your fingers to get it opened and try it again, I did as instructed and on one trial my D!ck get in easily and the journey begin once again. I kept on forking her and Chris Brown song (2012/Lay Down). The part where he say baby let's pretend we only get one last night. And that was how I was forking her like we only get one last night before the end of the world. I was hitting her hard and she was enjoying every thrust and was rolling her waist to it like Flavour Dancing to this track where he features P-Square.
ll the whining was making my head to swell up and I kept my speed at 220 speedometer per hour and within few minutes, I felt my pre-cum gathering and I told her that I'm about to cum and she was moaning very loud and saying you better don't cum yet and I say baby I can't help it, before I could finish that sentence, I was ejaculating and I quickly removed my D!ck from her axx so I wouldn't cum inside her and she rushed and hold my D!ck and put my D!ck in her mouth like a tap that's rushing and you quickly put a bucket so it wouldn't waste. She licked me dry and she get up and say, that was the best quickie that I've ever had.
I told her you're welcome and we wore our clothes and we exchanged phone number and we left separately.
The End.
I wrote this story in the midnight and didn't have time to edit it.
Please manage it like that.
SWEET SIXTEEN 30 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
*SWEET SIXTEEN: 30 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FROM CHAPTER TWO*
_____________
or 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
Whatsapp:08144106062
1.What is the title of chapter two of sweet sixteen?.
*ANS. The drive*
F. How many times did Aliya read her 16th birthday letter?
*ANS. Twice*
3. What profession did Mr. Bello mother involved in to earn a living?
*ANS. Petty Trading*
4. What nick name did Mr. Bello give his sister?
*ANS. Big mummy*
5. When does Aliya call her father Mr. Bello instead of Daddy?
*ANS. She calls him that whenever she wanted to get him to do something*
. Aliya the greatest gift on her Sixteenth birthday was?
*ANS. The birthday letter.*
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
7. The name of the website which Aliya mentioned where things could be downloaded and her father had no knowledge of was?
*ANS. NetflixIn*
Facebook:JOHN EMMANUEL DICKSON
8. Aliya’s sixteenth birthday letter her dad wrote about their saturday outing, what was the main topic of discussion in that letter?
*ANS. Sex*
9. What is the name of the magazine that Aliya read that had the topic sex in it:
*ANS. Cosmopolitan.*
10. Who was the owner of the magazine cosmpolitan that Aliya read?
*ANS. Aunty Molara*
11. ”You better not get us killed ” Who said this and why?
*ANS. Mr. Bello when Aliya wrapped her arms around him in the car, he said so because he did not want to loose concentration and get involved in an accident.*
12. The nickname Mrs. Bello gave to her husband and child anytime they were arguing was?
*ANS. Tom and Jerry.*
13. What did Aliya buy as snacks on their Saturday outing?
*ANS. Vanilla , chocolate Ice cream for herself and Orange juice for daddy.*
14. What was the name of the eatery Aliya bought snacks from during their Saturday outing?
*ANS. Aunty Gigis.*
5. On Aliya’s outing with her dad what was she wearing?
*ANS. A pair of Blue jeans with a chelsea football club jersey with the writing first lady printed on the back which her dad bought fromLondon with sandals.*
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
16. ”You are going to be worst than your mom, he said with a broad grin”, come on lets go. Who said this and why?
*ANS. Mr. Bello said this when Aliya spent time to dress her hair to look like a lady which she claimed to be.*
17. Grandma said Aliyas house with fence looked like a ?
*ANS. Prison.*
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
18. To Aliya the girls she saw on the road selling oranges and groundnut in transparent plastic bags were having fun , why did she say so?
*ANS. They had freedom to go to anywhere they wanted and meet different people.
Facebook:JOHN EMMANUEL DICKSON
19. What did Mr. Bello describe Aliya’s Innocent mind as ?
*ANS. A beautiful Room.*
20. One of the vedios produced by netflix according to Aliya was?
*ANS. House of Cards.*
21. What did Aliya’s father do to survive and guarantee a meal in his childhood days?
*ANS. Hawking of wares.*
22. On their journey they got to a junction and Mr. Bello was involved in bad driving , he raised his hands in apology but this was pointless why?
*ANS. Their rear window was tinted.*
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
23. To talk on Aliya’s menstruation her dad asked her a question to begin the conversation what was the question?
*ANS. ”What do you know about Menstruation”.*
4. Aside sex what did Mr. Bello advise his daughter not to be involved in?
*ANS. Bad friends, vulgarity, bad language and violence.*
Whatsapp:08144106062
25. Of all advise Mr. Bello give to his daughter which one was more emphasized?
*ANS.” Don’t let anyone touch your private part”.*
26. On their Saturday outing morning what made Aliya’s mom not to be at home?
*ANS. She was on morning shift.*
27. To Aliya her fathers letter made him her ?
*ANS. Prophet when she recalled the story of prophet lukman who God sent to teach his son.*
28. As Aliya read her fathers letter in totality what happened?
*ANS. She cried without knowing and had to dab the letter to avoid erasure of the ink*
29. Why did Aliya resolve to keep the letter for the nearest future?
*ANS. So she could show her children.*
30. During their Saturday outing the drove pass a van with an inscription on it , what was written on the van?
*ANS. No condition is permanent but at a glance read condition is permanent because some letters faded off.*
_____________
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
.
If I can take my time to compose this long content while can't you do me a favour by forwarding this groups and friends. Pls help me do that and let others benefit from this.
Follow.
mynewarewagottalent.blog
_____________
or 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
Whatsapp:08144106062
1.What is the title of chapter two of sweet sixteen?.
*ANS. The drive*
F. How many times did Aliya read her 16th birthday letter?
*ANS. Twice*
3. What profession did Mr. Bello mother involved in to earn a living?
*ANS. Petty Trading*
4. What nick name did Mr. Bello give his sister?
*ANS. Big mummy*
5. When does Aliya call her father Mr. Bello instead of Daddy?
*ANS. She calls him that whenever she wanted to get him to do something*
. Aliya the greatest gift on her Sixteenth birthday was?
*ANS. The birthday letter.*
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
7. The name of the website which Aliya mentioned where things could be downloaded and her father had no knowledge of was?
*ANS. NetflixIn*
Facebook:JOHN EMMANUEL DICKSON
8. Aliya’s sixteenth birthday letter her dad wrote about their saturday outing, what was the main topic of discussion in that letter?
*ANS. Sex*
9. What is the name of the magazine that Aliya read that had the topic sex in it:
*ANS. Cosmopolitan.*
10. Who was the owner of the magazine cosmpolitan that Aliya read?
*ANS. Aunty Molara*
11. ”You better not get us killed ” Who said this and why?
*ANS. Mr. Bello when Aliya wrapped her arms around him in the car, he said so because he did not want to loose concentration and get involved in an accident.*
12. The nickname Mrs. Bello gave to her husband and child anytime they were arguing was?
*ANS. Tom and Jerry.*
13. What did Aliya buy as snacks on their Saturday outing?
*ANS. Vanilla , chocolate Ice cream for herself and Orange juice for daddy.*
14. What was the name of the eatery Aliya bought snacks from during their Saturday outing?
*ANS. Aunty Gigis.*
5. On Aliya’s outing with her dad what was she wearing?
*ANS. A pair of Blue jeans with a chelsea football club jersey with the writing first lady printed on the back which her dad bought fromLondon with sandals.*
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
16. ”You are going to be worst than your mom, he said with a broad grin”, come on lets go. Who said this and why?
*ANS. Mr. Bello said this when Aliya spent time to dress her hair to look like a lady which she claimed to be.*
17. Grandma said Aliyas house with fence looked like a ?
*ANS. Prison.*
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
18. To Aliya the girls she saw on the road selling oranges and groundnut in transparent plastic bags were having fun , why did she say so?
*ANS. They had freedom to go to anywhere they wanted and meet different people.
Facebook:JOHN EMMANUEL DICKSON
19. What did Mr. Bello describe Aliya’s Innocent mind as ?
*ANS. A beautiful Room.*
20. One of the vedios produced by netflix according to Aliya was?
*ANS. House of Cards.*
21. What did Aliya’s father do to survive and guarantee a meal in his childhood days?
*ANS. Hawking of wares.*
22. On their journey they got to a junction and Mr. Bello was involved in bad driving , he raised his hands in apology but this was pointless why?
*ANS. Their rear window was tinted.*
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
23. To talk on Aliya’s menstruation her dad asked her a question to begin the conversation what was the question?
*ANS. ”What do you know about Menstruation”.*
4. Aside sex what did Mr. Bello advise his daughter not to be involved in?
*ANS. Bad friends, vulgarity, bad language and violence.*
Whatsapp:08144106062
25. Of all advise Mr. Bello give to his daughter which one was more emphasized?
*ANS.” Don’t let anyone touch your private part”.*
26. On their Saturday outing morning what made Aliya’s mom not to be at home?
*ANS. She was on morning shift.*
27. To Aliya her fathers letter made him her ?
*ANS. Prophet when she recalled the story of prophet lukman who God sent to teach his son.*
28. As Aliya read her fathers letter in totality what happened?
*ANS. She cried without knowing and had to dab the letter to avoid erasure of the ink*
29. Why did Aliya resolve to keep the letter for the nearest future?
*ANS. So she could show her children.*
30. During their Saturday outing the drove pass a van with an inscription on it , what was written on the van?
*ANS. No condition is permanent but at a glance read condition is permanent because some letters faded off.*
_____________
For 100% verified jamb 2019 question and answers call/whatsapp 08144106062
.
If I can take my time to compose this long content while can't you do me a favour by forwarding this groups and friends. Pls help me do that and let others benefit from this.
Follow.
mynewarewagottalent.blog
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